

The choice of papal name is a tradition steeped in symbolism and meaning in the Catholic Church. Although in the early centuries pontiffs retained their baptismal name, this practice has evolved, allowing each new Pope to select a name that reflects his mission, inspiration or the legacy he wishes to continue.
The custom of adopting a new name upon assuming the papacy dates back to the 6th century. The first recorded case is that of Pope John II, whose birth name was Mercury, after the Roman god. Considering it inappropriate to bear a pagan name as leader of the Church, he decided to change it to John II, thus marking the beginning of this tradition.
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Why do they change their name?
In the Bible, it is common for God to change the name of people to whom he entrusts a special mission, as in the cases of Abram to Abraham or Simon to Peter. This act symbolizes a transformation and a new purpose in the individual’s life. Similarly, by choosing a new name, the Pope signals the beginning of a new stage in his life and in the direction of the Church. The reasons behind the choice of a specific name vary. Some Popes choose to honor their predecessors or saints they admire.
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Once a cardinal is elected as the new Pope, he is asked the question: “Quo nomine vis vocari?” which means “By what name do you wish to be called?”. The Pope-elect then announces the name he has decided to adopt. There are no strict rules governing this choice. It is a personal decision that reflects his aspirations and the inspiration he wishes to follow during his pontificate. Throughout history, the most commonly adopted name by popes has been John, with 23 pontiffs choosing it. In addition, out of respect for the apostle Peter, considered the first pope, no pontiff has adopted the name “Peter II“.
In summary, the choice of papal name is a deeply rooted tradition that symbolizes a new beginning and reflects the intentions and spirit with which the new Pope wishes to lead the Church.
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