‘Coisa julgada, juízes suspeitos’: as novas estratégias dos acusados pela morte de Diego Maradona

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Para a defesa de Agustina Cosachov, uma das pessoas acusadas de ter responsabilidade penal na morte de Diego Armando Maradona, a psiquiatra que atendeu o astro em seus últimos dias já foi julgada no processo que foi declarado nulo. O procedimento foi descartado após a descoberta do papel de destaque da juíza Julieta Makintach no documentário Justicia Divina, uma produção audiovisual que pretendia mostrar detalhes do julgamento.

Por isso, os advogados Vadim Mischanchuk, Christian Carlet e Marcelo Rodríguez Jordán argumentam que não se deveria “repetir um novo julgamento”, e que, em vez disso, o caso deveria ser considerado “coisa julgada”. Foi o que fundamentaram em uma petição apresentada ao Tribunal Oral Criminal (TOC) nº 7 de San Isidro, responsável pelo novo julgamento.

“Viemos requerer uma exceção de pronunciamento prévio e especial, peremptória, relacionada à ‘proibição de dupla persecução penal’, equivalente ao conhecido princípio da ‘coisa julgada’, conforme a doutrina especializada. Trata-se de uma garantia constitucional e convencional regulada exclusivamente em favor das pessoas processadas, e deve ser interpretada de forma ampla, sem restrições ou condicionamentos. Consideramos que o julgamento iniciado perante o TOC nº 3 de San Isidro, encerrado com uma declaração de nulidade como consequência da bem-sucedida suspeição da Dra. Makintach, em 29 de maio passado (decisão que não foi contestada por nenhuma das partes), não pode dar lugar a um novo julgamento das pessoas acusadas, especialmente Cosachov, nossa cliente”, afirmaram os advogados no documento, ao qual o jornal La Nación teve acesso.

Os advogados acrescentaram que, “dado o caráter progressivo do processo penal, os trâmites não podem retroceder em seu prejuízo. Além disso, ninguém pode ser submetido a um processo penal pelo mesmo fato que, em outro julgamento da mesma natureza, já tenha resultado em condenação ou absolvição”. Eles ressaltaram que o primeiro julgamento foi anulado por um “vício que não foi provocado por nossa representada” e a nova análise judicial teria os mesmos objeto, causa e identidade de pessoa.

“Além disso, nenhum dos réus deveria ser forçado a suportar novamente todas as penosas contingências que caracterizam um julgamento penal”, aponta o documento. Os advogados destacaram que “não é admissível permitir que o Estado, com todos os seus recursos e poder, realize esforços repetidos para eventualmente condenar uma pessoa por um suposto crime”.

‘Não é capricho’

Após a anulação do julgamento, que havia começado em 11 de março passado, foi sorteado o TOC nº 7 para conduzir a nova análise judicial do caso. Apenas o presidente, Alberto Gaig, é membro titular desse tribunal. Os outros juízes, Alberto Ortolani e Pablo Rolón, foram sorteados devido à suspeição de Alejandro Lago e à necessidade de substituir sua colega María Coelho, juíza responsável pela coordenação do julgamento por júri popular no qual a enfermeira Gisela Dahiana Madrid será julgada — ela optou por esse tipo de julgamento.

Mas as últimas novidades também envolvem os juízes Gaig e Rolón, que foram recusados pela defesa do neurocirurgião Leopoldo Luque, outro dos acusados.

“Este pedido não é um capricho, nem é emocional. É, simplesmente, a consequência inevitável do que presenciamos. E diremos como deve ser dito, com o respeito institucional que o Poder Judiciário merece, mas com a clareza e contundência que este caso exige”, afirmaram os advogados Julio Rivas e Francisco Oneto.

A recusa, segundo os defensores de Luque, baseia-se no que ocorreu durante uma audiência realizada em 18 de julho passado:

“Devemos lembrar que, em primeiro lugar, recebemos uma notificação de forma totalmente inesperada, informando que no dia 18 de julho, às 10h, seria realizada uma audiência ‘multipropósito’ com o objetivo de comunicar formalmente a nova composição do tribunal, tratar das questões relacionadas à nulidade decretada e seus efeitos, e discutir a nova opção por julgamento por júri apresentada pela defesa de Luque. Nós, talvez ingênuos, acreditamos que fosse um erro”, afirmaram os defensores.

Os advogados apontam que o artigo 338 do Código de Processo Penal da província de Buenos Aires “é claro: uma vez notificada a nova composição do tribunal, as partes têm dez dias para apresentar recusas. Só então a audiência é convocada. A lei é precisa e não permite audiências com múltiplos propósitos. Mas logo perceberíamos que, neste caso, a lei era apenas uma sugestão”.

A defesa havia solicitado a suspensão da audiência, fundamentando-se no que está previsto em lei, mas o juiz Gaig rejeitou o pedido com uma resposta categórica: “A solicitação de suspensão é manifestamente improcedente”.

“Em outras palavras, o juiz decidiu que não havia nada a suspender, porque ele, unilateralmente, assim determinou. O que era improcedente, no entanto, não era nosso pedido, mas sim a própria audiência convocada para tratar de temas que a lei regula de forma completamente diferente. Mas o doutor Gaig já havia decidido que o processo seria conduzido à sua maneira”, rebateram os advogados.

Oneto e Rivas também mencionaram uma declaração do juiz Gaig na audiência, quando afirmou que seria “muito imparcial” e que o “único objetivo de sua atuação no julgamento era restaurar a confiança da sociedade na Justiça”. Os defensores de Luque rebateram mais uma vez:

“Um juiz não precisa anunciar sua imparcialidade. A imparcialidade se presume. Se um juiz sente a necessidade de proclamá-la, é porque, em algum nível, já percebe que seus atos podem ser vistos de outra forma. E ainda mais grave: qual é o papel de um juiz em um julgamento? Fazer justiça ou enviar mensagens à sociedade? Um julgamento penal não é um ato de comunicação institucional. É um espaço onde se discute a verdade de um fato concreto, com as garantias do devido processo legal. Quando o juiz coloca no centro do processo seu desejo de ‘restaurar a confiança social’, ele está colocando sua própria imagem acima do processo”, criticaram.

Por fim, sobre a recusa do juiz Rolón, os advogados explicaram que “não se baseia em suposições, nem em uma interpretação forçada de sua conduta. Apoia-se em fatos objetivos, na lógica do comportamento humano diante do poder midiático, e na necessidade de proteger o processo de qualquer fator de contaminação que possa afetar sua legitimidade”.

This news was originally published on this post .

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